Amplification

 

Amplification in language is a rhetorical device or technique used to expand, elaborate, or emphasize a point by adding more detail, explanation, or repetition. It is a process of expanding upon or adding detail to a statement to increase its rhetorical effects. It takes a simple statement and helps make it clearer, more persuasive, or emotionally stronger.

English Consonants

 Consonants are a crucial component of speech sounds in the English language. They are produced when the airflow is either completely blocked or partially restricted as it moves through the mouth or throat. Unlike vowels, which are voiced without obstruction, consonants involve some form of contact between different parts of the vocal tract. These speech sounds can occur at the beginning, middle, or end of words and help form the structure and rhythm of language. Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel and, as a result, are most conveniently described in terms of places and manners of articulation. It is often necessary to specify the duration of the sound, the airstream mechanism involved, and the direction of air flow.

From the phonological point of view, consonants are those units that function at the margins of syllables, either singly or in clusters. Briefly, consonants can be defined as the speech sounds articulated with interruption in the lung air and/or some obstacles in the vocal tract.

Places of Articulation of Consonants

Consonants are speech sounds in which the air from the lungs is seriously obstructed by the different articulators at different places in the vocal tract, and then goes out through the oral passage and, in some cases, through the nostrils. According to their places of articulation, English consonant phonemes can be divided into nine types as discussed below.

The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

 The study of Sociolinguistics learns how language interacts with society. It examines how factors such as region, class, gender, age, level of education, ethnicity, and context influence the way people speak and how language varies and evolves. For example, in a formal job interview, a speaker might use standard grammar and vocabulary, but the same person might use slang and informal expressions with friends-showing style shifting based on social context. Sociocultural theory came from the work of  Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934), a Soviet psychologist and social development theorist. Lev Vygotsky. He believed that parents, peers, caregivers, and culture were primarily responsible for the development of higher-order functions. According to Vygotsky, "Every function in the child’s cultural development appears twice: first, on the social level, and later, on the individual level; first, between people and then inside the child. This applies equally to voluntary attention, to logical memory, and to the formation of concepts. All the higher functions originate as actual relationships between individuals.”

Symbols and Their Names

 A sign is a symbol or mark that is used to represent or indicate something else. It is often used to communicate without using words.  There are different symbols used around the world for numerous purposes, like science, grammar, currency, and so more.  Some important symbols and their names are given below:

Symbols and Their Names

Symbol	Name	Symbol		Name
æ	ash	Λ		wedge
θ	theta	ε		epsilon
ʒ	ezh	ŋ		angma
∫	Esh	ɔ		Open o
ǝ	schwa	ɣ		gamma
ß	Eszett/ sharp s	α		alpha
Δ	Delta(uppercase)	β		beta
λ	Lamba	∑		summation
₶	Franc (obsolete)	Ω		Ohm (omega)
∏	product	∩		intersection
∙	Bullet/dot	√		Square root
∞	infinity	∶		ratio
≈	Approximately equal	≠		Not equal
≡	Identical / congruent	≤		Less than or equal
≥	Greater than or equal	ℳ		Script M (used in math)
₵	Ghanaian cedi	₤		Lira (old currency)
৳	Bangladeshi taka	|		Vertical bar/ pipe
¥	Yen	©		Copyright
¶	Pilcrow/ paragraph	±		Plus-minus
£	Pound Sterling (UK)	฿		Thai Bath
₹	Indian Rupee	₺		Turkish lira
₴	Ukrainian hryvnia	₨		(Old) rupee sign (various)
€	Euro	℮		Estimated symbol (e-mark)

 

 

 

 

 

Rhetoric

Rhetoric (Greek rhetor, a public speaker) is the art and study of effective communication, particularly the skillful use of language to inform, persuade, or motivate an audience. It is a discipline that dates back to ancient civilizations and has been a central part of education, politics, philosophy, and literature throughout history. The word is, however, now generally used to mean the whole art of elegant and effective composition, whether spoken or written. Indeed, knowingly or unknowingly, every person uses a bit of rhetoric when they try to express themselves effectively and beautifully.

Syllable

 A syllable is a phonological unit that is composed of one or more morphemes. It is a single, unbroken sound of a spoken or written word. It is a unit of pronunciation that contains one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants.

Tense: Present Tense

Definition:

Grammatically Tense refers to the conjugation or form of a verb to reflect the time of the action or state -that is, when the action occurred.

Verbs in their basic form inherently describe the time.

There are three main types of tenses in English:

Lenis and Fortis

 Lenis and fortis are two terms that represent a dichotomy of a voiced/ voiceless pair. Phonetically, lenis refers to the consonants articulated with relatively less muscular energy and weaker breath effort, and are usually voiced. It is a softer, weaker consonant sound. For example, [ b d g] .  Fortis refers to consonant